Short
version: Professional wrestling was a legitimate contest from its 19th
century origins until roughly a hundred years ago. Nobody is sure when exactly
it happened. Wrestlers and promoters alike agreed that more of an athletic
exhibition with predetermined outcomes was a better idea than a ‘shoot’ that
could last up to four ponderous hours. Everyone would benefit from the change.
Wrestlers agreed to cooperate in the ring in the interest of making
more money.
Promoters raked in the bucks at the box office and on the sly from local
gamblers who were none the wiser. Audiences enjoyed the more action-oriented
approach pioneered by then-wrestler and future promoter Toots Mondt, who
created a style incorporating traditional Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling
with various brawling techniques. Mondt’s “slam-bang Western-style wrestling”
innovations would change everything, as it is what every wrestler we have loved
and/or hated ever since has practiced in the ring.
Toots Mondt. |
Things
were great until 1934 when one Jack Pfefer found himself on the wrong side of a
business dispute between himself and his fellow wrestling promoters—a group
that included Toots Mondt. Pfefer would get even by spilling the beans in an
interview with the New York Daily Mirror. Fans had wondered about pro wrestling
for a long time and now one of the top
matchmakers had confirmed that it was
not a legitimate sporting contest at all! Wrestling’s popularity would then
decline throughout the Great Depression, but the True Sport of Kings came back
in the post-World War II era with the advent of television. Gorgeous George,
Verne Gagne, and Buddy Rogers became some of the first TV celebrities in the
1950s as the industry itself gained a new lease on life. Televised wrestling
would then settle comfortably into the realm of trashy American pulp
entertainment that you all should know and love.
Jack Pfefer: the ruiner. |
Sometimes
some loudmouth know-it-all would bring up the fact that wrestling wasn’t
“real,” but there was nothing phony about consistent television ratings and
live attendance throughout much of the country. Plenty of fans simply enjoyed
the entertainment and were unconcerned with how the illusion maintained itself.
However, MANY fans still believed that the rivalries were the real deal; just
ask the numerous
wrestlers attacked by rabid fans in arenas and parking lots throughout the years! Wrestlers were also encouraged by promoters to sustain believability in public, which could be problematic when confronted by outsiders questioning the integrity of their profession. I’ve read some cringe-worthy tales of life-altering injuries inflicted to keep kayfabe alive. Teeth were lost, bones were broken, and eyes were gouged out in many a bar or nightclub when drunken idiots picked REAL fights with FAKE ‘rasslers’! This was accepted behavior in the business for a long time—in many cases, losing the fight would also cost a wrestler his job. Similar things also happened to would-be grapplers and local tough guys looking to be on TV by getting in the ring. They usually quit after one training session with a seasoned pro who knew how to inflict serious damage and leave them with soiled trunks and a variety of injuries.
wrestlers attacked by rabid fans in arenas and parking lots throughout the years! Wrestlers were also encouraged by promoters to sustain believability in public, which could be problematic when confronted by outsiders questioning the integrity of their profession. I’ve read some cringe-worthy tales of life-altering injuries inflicted to keep kayfabe alive. Teeth were lost, bones were broken, and eyes were gouged out in many a bar or nightclub when drunken idiots picked REAL fights with FAKE ‘rasslers’! This was accepted behavior in the business for a long time—in many cases, losing the fight would also cost a wrestler his job. Similar things also happened to would-be grapplers and local tough guys looking to be on TV by getting in the ring. They usually quit after one training session with a seasoned pro who knew how to inflict serious damage and leave them with soiled trunks and a variety of injuries.
Let’s
flash forward to 1985 when American popular culture was embracing professional
wrestling more than it had in a very long time. Cable television allowed
regional promotions from Georgia and San Antonio to be viewed across our great
nation while the WWF brought wrestling back to network TV after decades in
syndication. Mainstream media outlets began paying more attention with a series
of reports on pro wrestling’s increased popularity and its effects. Every
single one of them made a point of mentioning that wrestling was not “real,”
but “fake.” Not one ever bothered noting that this was no different from
Saturday Night Live, The Cosby Show, or Miami Vice—after all, that would be
building wrestling up rather than tearing it down like they wanted. However,
one report tops the rest and I’m sure a lot of you know where this is going already.
20/20
investigative journalist John Stossel decided to take on the wrestling industry
with a segment where he would expose the Real Truth to everyone—that
professional wrestling was not a legitimate sport. Never mind that this had
been public knowledge for fifty years. Stossel could have exposed the truth on
20/20 about promoters’ various business tactics that violated labor and
antitrust laws, but that wasn’t as much fun as his crusade to simply make
people feel stupid for watching wrestling. Wrestling was something that brought
friends and families together—it was fun to watch and Stossel was going
overboard. He was as condescending as can be in his report, speaking of his
limited college wrestling credentials and referring to “rassling” in a white-trash
accent. Stossel hammered home the word “fake,” making his point until it was
taken and smashed into smithereens. He even had his own Jack Pfefer in Eddie
Mansfield, a disgruntled grappler who hadn’t made it big in the
regional
territories. Not only was Mansfield willing to lead Stossel through the basic
motions of a wrestling match on camera, but he also demonstrated the blading
technique used to draw blood for effect!
Eddie Mansfield blading for the camera. |
Stossel
took things to the next level by questioning individual wrestlers on camera
about the legitimacy of their occupation, as if they would simply answer to his
satisfaction. He even asked the Iron Sheik, who angrily challenged him to enter
the ring and find out for himself. Stossel probably only saw him as a
cartoonish fraud, but would not have lasted long against the Shah of Iran’s
former bodyguard and onetime Olympian. He would then attempt a verbal joust
against “Dr. D” David Schultz, a
nasty redneck heel from Tennessee who was
essentially “Stone Cold” over a decade before Steve Austin opened his first can
of Whoop-Ass™. Schultz was a product of the wrestling industry before its
mainstream resurgence. His ornery onscreen persona was an amplified extension
of his personality and publicly maintained at all times. Dr. D was simply doing
his part by giving this scrawny reporter a hard time in describing professional
wrestling as a business where only the toughest of the tough survive when
Stossel decided to ask what he called “the standard question.” Actually,
Stossel didn’t ask it at all. He made the standard statement: “I think this is
FAKE!”
Dr. D was Stone Cold before Steve Austin opened his first can of Whoop-Ass. |
POW!
Schultz slapped the ever-loving SHIT out of Stossel without any hesitation,
knocking him to the floor! “That’s an open-hand slap!” said the good Doctor
with an expert diagnosis.
“Did that feel ‘fake’?” Stossel slowly rose back to
his feet in disbelief, only to be slapped right back down a second time before
Dr. D ran him off under a hail of further verbal abuse. 20/20 anchor Barbara
Walters was horrified at what Schultz had done to Stossel, who complained of
lingering pain and buzzing in his ears weeks after it happened. Stossel would
later sue the WWF for damages, settling out of court for $425,000. Schultz
found himself in hot water with the New York State Athletic Commission, who
suspended his license until he expressed his regret in an apology letter.
However, Dr. D would soon be out of a job after a backstage altercation
involving Mr. T. He would retire from wrestling after brief stints in Dr. D: Bounty Hunter. |
Dave
Schultz may have gone too far, but people forget (or don’t know) that there are
plenty of similar stories that make his reaction to Stossel look merciful in
comparison!
Vince
McMahon’s 1989 testimony before the New Jersey senate confirmed wrestling’s
open secret, leading to increased exposure throughout the ‘90s. Insider
newsletters like the Wrestling Observer went from being strictly underground
publications to the leaders of wrestling journalism as more fans gained
internet access. Wrestling evolved once again as people became completely aware
that they were watching athletic entertainment designed to evoke desired
responses. Fans extend more respect to the sacrifices involved in the physical
theater. Interviews and podcasts discussing on-the-road stories and locker room
politics are the norm now. Everybody knows what’s going on and no one seems to
mind except for the occasional “ultimate fighting” fan blissfully unaware of
modern MMA’s roots and inspiration. Although pro wrestling kayfabe is dead and
buried, that might actually be a good thing because let’s be real—who in any
occupation appreciates being called a phony…and who wants to lose an eye?
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